BOOTING PROCESS OF THE COMPUTER..

 

Steps in the Booting Process:-

Booting is a process of switching on the computer and starting the operating system. Six steps of the booting process are BIOS and Setup Program, The Power On-Self-Test (POST), The Operating system Loads, System Configuration, System Utility Loads and Users Authentication.

STEPS TO PROCESS:-

1: BIOS and Setup Program

 2: The Power-On-Self-Test (POST)

 3:The Operating System (OS) Loads

4: System Configuration 

5: System Utility Loads

6: Users Authentication Step

 1: BIOS and Setup Program:-

 ROM (read-only memory): it is a permanent and unchanging memory also  BIOS (basic input/output system ): the part of the system software that includes the instructions that the computer uses to accept input and output

  Load: to transfer from a storage device to memory. The ROM loads BIOS into the computer’s memory

  Setup program: a special program containing settings to control hardware. Furthermore, the program can only be accessed while the BIOS information is visible 

Step 2:The Power-On-Self-Test (POST)

 POST (Power-On Self-Test): a series of tests conducted on the computer’s main memory, input/output devices, disk drives, and the hard disk. 

 BIOS conducts Power-On-Self-Test to check the input/ output system for operability.

 The computer will produce a beeping sound if any problem occurs. An error message will also appear on the monitor 

Step 3: The Operating System (OS) Loads

 BIOS searches for the operating system. 

 Setting in CMOS: complementary metal oxide semiconductor determines where to look for the operating system.

  In this step, the operating system’s kernel is also loaded into the computer’s memory. 

 The operating system takes control of the computer and begins loading system configuration information.

 Step 4: System Configuration

 Registry: a database to store information about peripherals and software

  Peripheral: a device connected to a computer 

 Drive: a utility program that makes peripheral devices function properly

  The operating system’s registry configures the system.

  In this step, drivers are also loaded into memory. 

Step 5: System Utility Loads

  System utilities are loaded into memory. 

 Volume control

  Antivirus software

  PC card unplugging utility 

Step 6: Users Authentication

  Authentication or user login occurs 

 Username

  Password 

 After all this process, the user interface starts, enabling user interaction with the computer and its programs also.